Japan experienced a significant population decline last year, marking a new record in annual reduction. In 2024, the country’s total population decreased by approximately 908,574 people, according to a recent report from Japan’s Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications. This is the largest annual drop recorded since surveys began in 1968.
The downward trend in population has continued for sixteen consecutive years. Prime Minister Shigeru Ishiba has described the situation as a “silent emergency” and pledged to implement family-friendly policies, including flexible working hours and expanded free childcare services.
Meanwhile, the number of foreign residents in Japan has risen significantly. Since 2013, this upward trend has continued, with foreign nationals now reaching an all-time high.
Compared to 2023, Japan’s total population decreased by 0.44 percent in 2024. Additionally, citizens aged 65 and older now make up nearly 30 percent of the total population, while the working-age population (ages 15 to 64) has slightly declined to 60 percent.
According to the World Bank, Japan ranks second in the world for the highest proportion of elderly citizens, just behind the small nation of Monaco.
Experts warn that this demographic shift poses serious challenges not only to the country’s economic stability but also to its healthcare system and social infrastructure. The coming years will be critical as Japan confronts these profound demographic and societal changes.